401(k) & Roth IRA Calculator – US Retirement Projection

The employee contribution limit is adjusted annually for inflation. If you're 50 or older, you can contribute an additional catch-up amount. If you're between 60-63, SECURE 2.0 allows a super catch-up contribution. The total limit including employer contributions is also adjusted annually.

Employer match is typically expressed as a percentage of your contribution, up to a percentage of your salary. For example, '100% match up to 6% of salary' means if you contribute 6% of your salary, your employer adds another 6%. Employer contributions don't count toward your employee limit but do count toward the total limit.

Roth IRA contributions phase out based on your Modified Adjusted Gross Income (MAGI). The phase-out ranges are adjusted annually for inflation. Above those ranges, you cannot contribute directly to a Roth IRA (though a Backdoor Roth conversion may still be available).

States with no income tax (AK, FL, NV, SD, TN, TX, WA, WY, NH) don't tax any retirement distributions. Additionally, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Mississippi, Alabama, and Hawaii fully exempt 401(k) and IRA distributions from state income tax.

SECURE 2.0 raised the RMD age to 73 for those born 1951-1959, and 75 for those born 1960 or later. Roth 401(k) accounts no longer have RMDs starting in 2024. Traditional 401(k) and Traditional IRA accounts still require RMDs.

Choose Traditional if your current marginal tax rate is higher than your expected effective rate in retirement (you save more on taxes now). Choose Roth if you expect your tax rate to be higher in retirement, or if you want tax-free withdrawals and no RMDs. This calculator compares both scenarios for your specific situation.

The calculator uses a real annuity approach (constant purchasing power) adjusted for the tax drag on Traditional account withdrawals. It accounts for federal tax brackets, standard deduction, and your state's tax treatment of retirement distributions.

Yes. If you expect to live in a different state in retirement, or if your state's actual rate will differ from the estimate, enter your expected effective state tax rate in the override field. Leave it empty to use the automatic estimate based on your selected state.

The calculator uses the latest IRS limits, federal tax brackets, standard deductions, and RMD tables. State tax rates are approximations based on typical middle-income retirees. Actual taxes depend on your specific income, deductions, and state rules. Use this for planning and comparison, not as a tax filing tool.

This calculator assumes withdrawals begin at your stated retirement age. If you retire before 59.5, a 10% early withdrawal penalty may apply to Traditional distributions unless you qualify for exceptions like the Rule of 55 (leave your job at 55+) or SEPP/72(t) substantially equal periodic payments. Roth contributions (not earnings) can be withdrawn penalty-free at any time.